Infographic
Resources
scottish-obesity-survey-2011.pdf | |
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Population
The First PeopleThe first people that came to Scotland are said to have come about 8000 years ago. Those people were nomads and lived by hunting and fishing along the shores. Then 500 years later there was another invasion and this culture became very dominant.
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Celtic originThe Celtic people, also called the Picts. Their language and culture overruled the nomads so that their language and culture didn't survive in Scotland. After the Romans invaded and ruled England, without Scotland ever becoming successfully conquered, the Celtic people have plenty of room to settle after the Romans left.
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Religion
There are sometimes religious problems in Glasgow especially in connection to football. Traditionally Celtic has always been a catholic club while Rangers is protestant. By why these religious insults? On this page we will find out the distribution of religious people in Scotland through statistics and find out why the Church of Scotland is protestant and not catholic.
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History
Martin Luther started the reformation in Europe in 1517 when he began to protest against the teaching of the Roman Catholic Church.
Presbyterian |
In 1560, the Scottish Parliament abolished the authority of the Pope and the Catholic Church and established an independent Protestant Church of Scotland. Catholicism was replaced by a Presbyterian religion.
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Presbyterianism is a type of protestant was originally developed by John Calvin in Switzerland at the end of the 16th century. For many people Calvinism became known as a very authoritarian and "no fun" kind of Christianity. Today the Church of Scotland drws inspriration from Calvinism and is the established church of the country. The monarch is not the head of the church as in England. The bible is still the main focus but with more frequent communions, special youth services and less emphasis on the old testament so the religion therefore has modernized. That may explain how 42,4% of Scotland are part of the Church of Scotland and Catholicism now is the largest minority religion on Scotland. Although statistics also show that there are more Catholics than there are active member of the Church of Scotland. |
Ethnicity
The size of the minority ethnic population was just over 100,000 in 2007 or 2% of the total population of Scotland.
- Pakistanis were the largest minority ethnic group, followed by Chinese, Indians and those of Mixed ethnic backgrounds.
- Over 70% of the total ethnic minority population were Asian: Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Chinese or other South Asian
- Over 12% of the minority ethnic population described their ethnic group as Mixed.
- The size of the minority ethnic population has increased since the 1991 Census. Therefore the total population increase between 1991 and 2001 was 1.3%, the minority ethnic population increased by 62.3%.
Immigration
From 1948 and onwards, in response to the labour shortages, a substantial amount of black immigrants arrived to Britain. At first almost all came from the West Indies, but during the 1960s and 1970s a large number came from India, Pakistan and Bangladesh.
The immigrants arriving in waves in the 1950's and after soon discovered that they were the target of discrimination in class and status. Black people generally had the worst paid job and lived in the worst housing. So in the mid of the 1960's the government introduced the first three Race Relations Acts in order to eliminate racial discrimination. It seems to have worked when referred to figure 5.1 which shows and increase in migration from then up till the 80's when it began to decline. The 1977 Race Discrimination Act sought to prevent discrimination in employment, housing and other areas, and to prevent the publication of any material likely to stir up racial hatred. At the same time however, laws were introduced that to restrict immigration. |
Before she came to office, Margaret Thatcher made a promise that the Conservative government would: "finally see an end to immigration". She also spoke sympathetically of the fears white Britons that they might be "swamped by people with a different culture". During the 1980s her government restricted immigration further, and ended the automatic right of anyone born in Britain to British citizenship.
Figure 5.2 also shows how many Scots refuse to migrate to England during the period of around 1988 till 1991. Not many Scotsmen move to the rest of the UK, although we around the end of the 80's can notice a great increase in immigrants arriving to Scotland from the rest of the UK.
Bibliography: Britain in Close-up an in depth study of the changing face of contemporary Britain by David McDowall, Longman Group UK Limited first published in 1993, fifth impression 1996. |